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CP51A notice: what it means and what to do
Got an IRS CP51A notice? Here is what it means, your deadline, what to check before you answer, and how to reply. Check your own letter free: it stays on your phone.
Check my CP51A notice freeWhat the IRS says this notice is about
We computed the tax on your Form 1040 or 1040-SR. You owe taxes.
What you need to do
- Read your notice carefully. It explains how much you owe and how to pay it.
- Pay the amount due by the date shown in the notice.
- Make payment arrangements if you can't pay the full amount you owe.
- Contact us if you disagree with the amount of tax we computed.
Your deadline
Answer by the date printed on your notice. If there is no date, answer as soon as you can, and call the number on the notice if you need more time.
What to check before you answer
You may be able to remove the penalties
If you had no penalties in the 3 tax years before, filed all required returns, and paid or arranged to pay the tax, the IRS First-Time Abatement policy can remove failure-to-file and failure-to-pay penalties. You can ask in writing or by phone.
Cannot pay it all now? Ask for a payment plan
You can apply for a payment plan on irs.gov. Interest keeps running until the balance is paid, so pay what you can now.
Is this letter really from the IRS?
The IRS writes first by mail. A real letter shows a notice or letter number, your name and part of your tax ID number. The IRS does not ask for payment by gift card, crypto or wire transfer. If in doubt, sign in to your IRS online account, where many notices are listed.
You may want to
- Use the Tax Withholding Estimator to check that you have enough money withheld from your paychecks to pay your taxes.
- Learn about your payment options .
- Learn about payment plans and installment agreements .
- Learn how to submit an offer in compromise .
Common questions
What if I can't pay what I owe? (updated Dec. 6, 2024)
You can request a payment plan .
How can I make a payment plan? (updated Dec. 6, 2024)
Call us at the toll-free number on your notice to discuss payment plans .
What should I do if I disagree with the notice? (updated Dec. 6, 2024)
You can write or call us using our contact information found on the notice. If you write us, be sure to explain why you disagree and provide any information you have (such as cancelled checks, amended returns, etc.) or have the paperwork ready if you call.
Am I charged interest on the money I owe? (updated Dec. 6, 2024)
You won’t be charged interest on the amount shown on the notice if you pay the amount owed in full on or before the "pay by" date.
Will I receive a penalty if I can't pay the full amount?
Yes, you'll receive a late payment penalty. You can call us at the number on your notice if you can't pay the full amount because of financial problems. Contact us by your payment's due date. Based on your situation, we may be able to remove the penalty.
Helpful information
- Publication 17, Your Federal Income Tax (For Individuals)
- Publication 505, Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax PDF
- Publication 4134, Low Income Taxpayer Clinic List
- Publication 4681, Canceled Debts, Foreclosures, Repossessions and Abandonments PDF
Tips for next time you file
Consider filing your taxes electronically . Filing online can help you avoid mistakes and find credits and deductions that you may qualify for. In many cases you can file for free .
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